不定代词one,some与any的用法锦囊妙计
one可以泛指任何人,还可以在形容词和that、this等词后代替刚提过的可数名词,其复数形式为ones,可用作主语和宾语;one’s是它的物主代词形式,可用作宾语;oneself是它的反身代词形式,可用作宾语。some和any通常用作定语,都可用来修饰可数与不可数名词、单数或复数名词。some用于单数可数名词前,表示“某一”。some用于数词前,表示“大约”。some一般用于肯定句,any多用于疑问、否定句中。例如:
One should wash oneself regularly.
This film is not as good as the one I saw yesterday.
He thought it over carefully and concluded that heavy objects always fell faster than light ones.
We have some food left.Have you any books?I don’t have any books.
注意:①some可用于表达邀请或请求、预期的答案是肯定的或鼓励对方给予一个肯定的答复的问句。例如:
Could you let me have some coffee?(请求)
Would you like some bananas?(邀请)
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②some和any可用作主语和宾语。例如:
Some are singing,other s are dancing.(主语)
Does any of you know Mr Wang?(主语)
I don’t like any of the books。(宾语)
③some,any,every,no与one,body,thing构成的合成代词都作单数看待。另外,some的合成代词一般用于肯定句,any的合成代词一般用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句。例如:
Did anybody ask for you outside?
There is somebody waiting for you.
1.________ is often the case with child ren,Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.
A.It B.That C.What D.As
解析 考查定语从句。此处as引导的定语从句位于主句之前,指代整个主句内容。句意:正如孩子们常有的情况一样,医生到的时候Amy就好了。
答案 D
2.Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment________they live.
A.what B.which C.wh en D.where
解析 考查定语从句。此处先判断从句类型为定语从句,先行词为the environment,定语从句中live为不及物动词,因此不缺少主干成分,应填 关系副词;且先行词environmen t指地点,故 用where,相当于in wh ich。
答案 D
3.We have launched another manmade satellite,________is announced in today's newspaper.
A.that B.which C.who D.what
解析 考查定语从句。此处关系代词which指代整个主句引导非限制性定语从句。句意:我们又发射了一颗人造卫星,这是在今天的报纸上宣布的。故答案选B。
答案 B
4.When I arrived,Bryan took me to see the house_ _______I would be staying.
A.what B.when C.where D.which
解析 考 查定语从句。定语从句中stay为不及物动词,故不缺主干成分,用关系副词;先行词为house,指地点,故用关系副词where。
答案 C
5.John invited about 40 people to his wedding,most of ________ are family members.
A them B.that C.which D.whom
解析 考查定语从句。先行词为40 people,定语从句中缺少主语,故使用whom。介词之后不能用tha t,应予以排除;which指先行词为物 ;them为人称代词,应用于并列句中。
答案 D
